Although no evidence was found at the investigation, we later received a report from the primary supplier that they had terminated business with the second-tier supplier in August 2020 and the third-tier supplier in October 2020, and started using other suppliers. Burmese and Cambodian immigrants are particularly vulnerable to forced child labor in the shrimp industry. The National Child Labor Survey also indicates that an estimated 15,720 child laborers are involved in the production, processing, and preservation of fish and fish products. Some children are forced to work long hours and overtime, and receive little, if any, pay. "We oppose all forms of human trafficking, slavery, servitude, forced or compulsory labor, and all other trafficking-related activities and uphold this commitment by taking action through ourResponsible Supply Chain program. In the North of Brazil, children work with family members to cultivate cocoa. The survey estimates that 92,208 child laborers grow the tup variety of corn and 89,293 child laborers grow the chip (canary) variety of corn throughout rural areas in Paraguay. For example, available data indicates that there are 25,000 workers in brick kilns in Tehran Province, and news articles report that in one town in Tehran Province, the majority of the brick kiln workforce consists of school-aged children who do not attend school. The survey indicates that more boys than girls are engaged in child labor in cattle raising. According to a university study and the ILO, some children are trafficked in groups of 25 to 50, and an estimated 2,000 children have been forced to work in rice fields in Mali. Local government officials estimate that there are 8,000 children working at informal gold mining sites in Migori County, while other media and NGO reports document widespread cases of children engaged in mining activities related to the production of gold throughout western Kenya. The amber extraction process creates large pits and exposes children to risk of injuries when extraction pits collapse. Children reportedly work at small-scale and artisanal mining sites in western Kenya. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimated that 24.9 million people around the globe were in forced labor as of 2016. Some children also experience physical abuse in the quarries. According to media reports, approximately 2,000 North Koreans produce timber in Russia. It exists within multiple nations everyday, in dozens of industries. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. This research suggests that further downstream products containing lithium-ion batteries may be produced with an input produced with child labor, such as electric cars, laptops, and cell phones. BYD is an industry leader in corporate responsibility and enforces rigorous oversight of its entire supply chain. There are reports that forced labor conditions are prevalent among workers in the thread and yarn sector in India. What makes this industry so viable is the growth it feeds to the economy. CBP defines forced labor as all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty for its nonperformance and for which the worker does not offer work or service voluntarily. According to available reports, indigenous farmworkers from impoverished regions of central and southern Mexico are particularly vulnerable to forced labor in the agricultural sector due to low education levels, linguistic barriers, and discrimination. With over 25 years of experience, the Office of Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking (OCFT) in the Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) at the U.S. Department of Labor (USDOL) is a world leader in the fight to eradicate these labor abuses. Most families in the region rely on the harvest as their main source of income. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015, a representative survey of childrens work in rural areas. Insider was unable to contact the following companies for comment: Hetian Taida, Litai Textiles, Mayor, GAC Group, MG, Tsinghua Tongfang, Urumqi Shengshi Huaer Culture Technology Co., Yili Zhuo Wan Garment Manufacturing Co., and Zhihui Haipai Internet of Things Technology Co. Below, see the responses of the companies that chose to comment. Electric Fans and Zinc-Coated Wire. There are reports that children ages 5 to 17 work in the production of rice in Ecuador. .agency-blurb-container .agency_blurb.background--light { padding: 0; } There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow melons in Paraguay. There are reports that men and women are forced to work in the production of chile peppers in Mexico. Half of the students' wages are sent directly to the schools, and the children receive little compensation after deductions are made for food and accommodations. In addition, children are exposed to loud noises, dust, long hours in extreme heat, and injury from flying stone fragments. Our Role. The ILO has found that generally, children who work in agriculture may be at risk of exposure to hazards including working long hours, carrying heavy loads, using dangerous tools, and exposure to the elements, physical injuries, and chemicals. According to U.S. government and media reports, school-age children provide duties related to tending and caring for animals, often requiring them to travel long distances from home and be absent from school. These students are required to pick daily quotas of cotton or pay fines, and performance in the cotton harvest is assessed for the students' promotion to higher grade levels. Further, some workers have been subject to military-style management, government indoctrination, and are paid below the minimum wage. The factory, Haoyuanpeng Clothing Manufacturing Co. Ltd, lists Fila, Adidas, Puma and Nike among its clients. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow tobacco in Vietnam. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. According to reports from the media and government raids, 5,000 children from Nigeria and Benin are working in forced gravel production in Nigeria. According to a Government of Uganda official, sand harvesting is one of the main occupations in which child laborers work. According to media reports and local government officials, child labor is systemic in the illegal amber extraction industry and is a growing problem. Victims are from provinces across China; some children are abducted or trafficked through coercion and sold to work in brick kilns. Fashion brands include Abercrombie & Fitch, Adidas, Calvin Klein, Gap, H&M, L.L. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. These children are paid little, if at all. In 2021, an investigation by The Information found that seven of Apple's suppliers were linked to suspected forced labor of Uyghur Muslims and other persecuted groups. The survey indicates that more boys than girls are engaged in child labor producing corn. Children dive underwater, scoop up sand, and transport it to boats on the river bank. Bombardier: "Conducting business with integrity and the highest ethical standards is a top priority for Bombardier. Please visit our UFLPAwebpage for all updates on implementation. The bonded families live at the kiln worksites, without access to safe water or sanitation facilities, and are prohibited from leaving until the debts are paid in full. Of the 49,390 child laborers working in fishing, 19,629 children worked in fishing for more than 42 hours a week. "Following the publication of ASPI's report in March 2020, we immediately launched an investigation with our manufacturing supply chain partners and after thorough review, we confirmed that Hu Bei Yihong Precision Manufacturing is not part of our manufacturing supply chain.". The video game brand is not directly using labor from these camps, but it has ostensibly used parts sourced by these places for video game hardware manufacturing. Approximately 32.6 percent, or 9,227 of these child laborers are under 15 years old, which is the minimum age for employment in Vietnam. Based on an analysis of the survey, an estimated 5,773 child laborers raise sheep. Regional- and district-level governments also impose quotas on neighborhood councils called mahallas, which use their authority over distribution of social benefit payments to force neighborhood residents to cultivate silk cocoons. Most children do not receive payment for their work. METHODOLOGY MSCI ESG Research's main sources of information for the names of companies involved in forced or slave labor were the International Tracing Service's Catalogue of Camps and Prisons in Germany and German-Occupied Territories, Sept. 1, 1939-May 8, 1945, compiled To submit information, please send an email toILAB-TVPRA@dol.gov; fax to 202-693-4830; or mail to ILAB, U.S. Department of Labor, c/o OCFT Research and Policy Unit, 200 Constitution AveNW, S-5315, Washington, DC 20210. Often entire families, including children, are given an advance payment to work in the harvest, and then incur more debt during the harvest. Silk cocoons can be processed and unwound to produce silk thread. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 raise goats in Paraguay. Children perform work at night and engage in hazardous activities, such as using machetes and chasing away wild animals. ILAB published theinitial TVPRA List in 2009and updated it annually through 2014, following a set of procedural guidelines that were the product of an intensive public consultation process. Some children are forced to work long hours, including during the hottest hours of the day, leaving them at substantial risk for heat-related illness. Children use their bare hands and tools to dig for gold in tunnels hundreds of meters below ground, without any protective equipment. Reports indicate that more than 2,000 adult Uyghur and ethnic Kazakh workers have been involuntarily transferred out of Xinjiang to yarn factories in the east and forced to produce thread/yarn products. Some children are forced to work at the mines with their families in situations of bonded labor, while other children are sent away to the mines by their parents to pay off the family's debt. In July 2020, following a report by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute on Uyghur forced labor, the US announced sanctions against 11 Chinese companies including Changji Esquel Textile, one of the five Esquel subsidiaries based in Xinjiang. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. The most common agricultural goods listed are sugarcane, cotton, coffee, tobacco, cattle, rice, and fish. There are reports that children are forced by the military to work in the production of bricks in Burma.

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